RETINAL-VEIN-OCCLUSION

Retinal Vein Occlusion

Retinal Vein Occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion is a blockage of the small veins that carry blood away from the retina. The retina is the layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye that converts light images to nerve signals and sends them to the brain.

Types :

  • Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) – when the main central vein is blocked
  • Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) – when a branch of the vein is blocked

Causes

Retinal vein occlusion is most often caused by hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and the formation of a blood clot.

Blockage of smaller veins (branch veins or BRVO) in the retina often occurs when retinal arteries that have been thickened or hardened by atherosclerosis cross over and place pressure on a retinal vein.

Risk factors for retinal vein occlusion include:

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Diabetes
  • High blood pressure (hypertension)
  • Other eye conditions, such as glaucoma, macular edema, or vitreous hemorrhage

Because the risk of these disorders increases with age, retinal vein occlusion most often affects older people.

Blockage of retinal veins may cause other eye problems, including:

  • Glaucoma (high pressure in the arteries), caused by new, abnormal blood vessels growing in the front part of the eye
  • Macular edema, caused by the leakage of fluid in the retina

Symptoms

Sudden blurring or vision loss in all or part of one eye

Exams and Tests

Tests to evaluate for vein occlusion include:

  • Examination of the retina after dilating the pupil
  • Fluorescein angiography
  • Intraocular pressure
  • Pupil reflex response
  • Refraction
  • Retinal photography
  • Slit lamp examination
  • Testing of side vision (visual field examination)
  • Visual acuity

Other tests may include:

  • Blood tests for diabetes, high cholesterol, and triglyceride levels
  • Blood tests to look for a clotting or blood thickening (hyperviscosity) problem (in patients under age 40)
Retinal-Vein-Occlusion

Treatment

It's important to manage diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol levels. Some patients may receive aspirin or other blood thinners.

Treatment for the complications of retinal vein occlusion may include:

  • Injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs into the eye. These drugs may block the growth of new blood vessels that can cause glaucoma.
  • Steroid Implants are also an useful treatment for treating any macular edema or swelling of the retina , secondary to this condition.
  • Laser treatment to prevent the growth of new, abnormal blood vessels that leads to glaucoma.

Outlook (Prognosis)

The outcome varies. Patients with retinal vein occlusion often regain useful vision.

It is important to properly manage complications, such as macular edema and glaucoma. However, having either of these complications is more likely to lead to a poor outcome.

Possible Complications

  • Glaucoma
  • Partial or complete vision loss in the affected eye

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if you have sudden blurring or vision loss.

Prevention

Retinal vein occlusion is a sign of a general blood vessel (vascular) disease. The same measures used to prevent other blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery disease, may decrease the risk of retinal vein occlusion.

These measures include:

  • Eating a low-fat diet
  • Getting regular exercise
  • Maintaining an ideal weight
  • Not smoking
  • Aspirin or other blood thinners may help prevent blockages in the other eye.
  • Controlling diabetes is important in general, and it may also be helpful for preventing retinal vein occlusion.

Visit us at Insight Eye Clinic and experience unrivalled professional service from the moment you step in. Our Retinal Vein Occlusion Doctors in Mumbai assure our clients the highest quality retinal treatment.

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